What Is Thyroid Surgery?

Thyroid surgery, or thyroidectomy, is a procedure used to remove a portion or the entire thyroid gland, which is located in the lower front part of the neck. The thyroid controls metabolism and hormone balance throughout the body.

Surgery may be performed to treat thyroid nodules, goiters, hyperthyroidism, or cancer. Depending on your diagnosis, your surgeon will determine whether a partial or total thyroidectomy is the best option.

When Thyroid Surgery May Be Recommended

Your provider may recommend thyroid surgery if you experience:

• A thyroid nodule or lump that is suspicious or growing
• Goiter (thyroid enlargement) that causes pressure, difficulty swallowing, or visible swelling
• Overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism) not controlled by medication
• Thyroid cancer or a biopsy that suggests cancer
• Persistent hoarseness or discomfort caused by thyroid growth

What to Expect During the Procedure

1. Evaluation: Your provider will review your medical history, imaging, and lab results to determine the best surgical plan.
2. Procedure: Thyroid surgery is performed under general anesthesia. A small incision is made in the lower neck to access the thyroid gland. The affected tissue or gland is carefully removed while protecting nearby structures such as the vocal cords and parathyroid glands.
3. Recovery: The procedure typically takes one to two hours. Most patients stay in the hospital overnight for monitoring and return home the next day.
4. Follow-up: Your provider will review your hormone levels and may prescribe medication to maintain proper thyroid function if part or all of the gland is removed.

Benefits of Thyroid Surgery

• Relief from neck pressure or discomfort
• Improved swallowing and breathing
• Removal of nodules or tumors for accurate diagnosis
• Restoration of balanced hormone function
• Reduced risk of complications from untreated thyroid disease

Aftercare and Recovery

Mild soreness or stiffness in the neck is common for several days after surgery. Most patients return to normal activity within one to two weeks. Your provider will give detailed care instructions and schedule follow-up visits to monitor healing and hormone levels. A small scar is usually well-hidden in a natural crease of the neck and fades over time.

Is Thyroid Surgery Right for You?

If you have been diagnosed with a thyroid condition or growth that affects your comfort or health, our ENT specialists can help determine the best treatment approach. Through careful evaluation and surgical expertise, we ensure that each patient receives the safest and most effective care possible.